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Aerial work platform classes and sizes

Scissor lifts · boom lifts · vertical mast lifts · cherry pickers

An aerial work platform is decided by four numbers and two facts: the working height at the face of the work, the horizontal outreach from where the machine can actually stand, the platform capacity, the machine's own width — and whether the ground is a finished floor or site ground, and whether the machine is allowed to be diesel. Get the height wrong and the machine arrives and cannot reach. Get the ground wrong and it is turned away at the gate. This page is about picking the class; the owner of the machine sets the rate.

The five classes

Vertical mast lift

The smallest footprint on the market. Straight up and down only, normally one person plus light tools, electric, non-marking tyres, and narrow enough to go through a standard single doorway and into a passenger or goods lift. It is the answer to low-level indoor work in an occupied building, not to construction height.

Electric scissor lift — slab

Same vertical-only motion, much larger deck. Takes two people plus materials, extends on a roll-out deck for a little forward reach, and runs on a finished, level floor. It is the default for ceiling, MEP and fit-out work indoors.

Rough-terrain scissor lift — 4WD diesel

A scissor built for site ground: flotation tyres, four-wheel drive, an oscillating axle and levelling jacks so the deck can be squared up on a slope. Vertical-only motion, so it still cannot get around an obstruction, but it can reach a work face that an electric slab machine cannot drive to.

Articulating boom lift

A jointed boom that bends at the knuckle, so the platform can go up, out, and back in over a parapet, a canopy, a plant deck or a stack of stored material. This is the class you need when something sits between the machine's standing position and the work — height alone is not the reason to hire one.

Telescopic boom lift

A straight boom that extends for maximum height and maximum horizontal outreach. It cannot work around an obstruction the way an articulating boom can, and it needs a clear, stable standing position, but nothing else in the category reaches as far.

Where the classes actually divide

The routing below is the same logic the man lift selector uses, written out:

Class comparison

ClassWorking height (class range)MotionDrive and tyresGround it works on
Vertical mast liftapprox. 5–11 mVertical onlyElectric, non-markingFinished floor, level
Electric scissor (slab)approx. 6–14 mVertical, small roll-out deckElectric, non-markingFinished floor, level
Rough-terrain scissorapprox. 10–18 mVertical, on levelling jacksDiesel 4WD, flotation tyresCompacted sand, slope within the machine's rated limit
Articulating boomapprox. 12–26 mUp, out and over an obstructionElectric or diesel 4WD by modelSlab or site ground by model
Telescopic boomapprox. 20 m and aboveUp and out, straight lineDiesel 4WDSite ground, level standing position

These are class ranges, not the specification of any particular machine. Models overlap at the edges and vary by manufacturer. Use the table to pick the class, then take the exact figures from the data plate and spec sheet of the machine you are actually offered.

How to choose for a real job

Working height vs platform height — the expensive mistake

Working height is platform height plus about 2 m for the reach of the person standing on the deck. A machine described as 18 m platform height gives roughly 20 m working height; a machine sold as a 20 m lift has a floor about 18 m up. The error goes both ways and both ways cost money. Size to the working height at the face of the work — the underside of the soffit, the fixing point, the top of the sign — and never to the height of the building. Quoting building height puts a much larger machine, a bigger low-bed and a bigger standing footprint on a site that never needed them.

Outreach, not just height

A boom's horizontal outreach is a separate number from its height, and the two are never both at maximum at the same time. Every boom has a working envelope, and platform capacity usually steps down in the outer part of it — the same machine may be rated for two people close in and one person at full outreach. Work out where the machine can physically stand first: a landscaped strip, a facade setback, a trench, a service road or parked vehicles all impose a standoff distance. Then check outreach from that position, not from directly beneath the work.

Ground conditions and what is underneath

A rough-terrain machine spreads its mass through large tyres. A boom deployed on outriggers puts the entire machine mass through four pads, so the pressure under each pad is high. On a suspended slab, a basement deck, a podium, or over a service trench, a culvert or a shallow drainage run, that point load is the question — not the machine's total mass. Take the wheel or outrigger loads off the spec sheet and have them checked before delivery is booked. On loose sand, spreader pads and a compacted running surface are the difference between a working machine and a recovery job.

Access width and the route in

Measure the narrowest point on the whole route, not the door at the end. Gate width, ramp gradient, the turning circle at the corner, the height of the soffit over the ramp, and — if the machine goes up inside the building — the goods lift car dimensions and its floor loading. Machine width, stowed length and stowed height are all on the spec sheet. A machine that fits the doorway but not the turn in front of it does not get in, and the delivery is still a delivery.

Indoor or outdoor, electric or diesel

Indoors means electric with non-marking tyres: no exhaust in an enclosed space and no tyre marking on a finished floor. On most fit-out and facilities jobs this is a client condition rather than a preference, and it is a common reason for a machine to be rejected on arrival. Outdoors on a slab or hardstanding, either drive works. Outdoors on site ground, diesel 4WD.

Duty cycle and power

An electric machine's working day is its battery. Continuous elevating and driving across a full shift will pull a pack down before the shift ends, so plan a charging point near the work face and confirm what supply the charger needs. A diesel machine needs a refuelling arrangement and compliant fuel storage. If the work is two shifts, say so at enquiry stage — it changes the class as much as the height does.

Platform capacity is people plus everything they carry

Rated platform capacity covers the occupants, their tools and any material going up with them. Two workers with a tool bag and a length of ductwork reaches the limit of a small platform faster than most people expect, and on a boom the permitted capacity changes with position in the envelope. State the load in kilograms in the enquiry.

What has to be right before it reaches the gate — UAE practice

Permit routes, certificate validity periods and working-hour rules differ by emirate, by authority and by free zone, and they change. Treat everything above as the questions to ask, not as a current legal position — confirm the requirement with the authority, the site and the equipment owner before the machine is booked.

What to state in the enquiry

Know the class you need?

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